Differential gearing.



A. F. PEACOCK.

DIFFERENTIAL GBARING.

APPLICATION FILED JULY zo, 1910.

Patented Dec. 6, 1910.

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A. F. PEACOCK.

DIFFERENTIAL GEARING.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 2o, 1910.

Patented Dec. 6, 1910.

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Wfl/Hman e@ /evi/ alumno A. F. PEACOCK.

DIFFERENTIAL GBARING.

APPLIoA'HoN FILED JULY 2o, 1910.

Patented Dec. 6, 1910.

' i UNITED STATES t PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT E. rEAcocK, or BUcHaNAN, MICHIGAN, AssIGNoE 0E ONE-HALE ro ALFRED t, E. MEAD, 0E cnIcaeo, ILLINOIS.

'DIFFERENTIAL 'GEAEING.

Specication of Letters Patent.

.Patented pee. 6, 1910.

Application led Iuly 20, 1910. Serial N' o. 572,878.

To all lwhom it may' concern:

"Be it known that I, ALBERT F. PEAcocK, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Buchanan, county of Berrien, and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Differential Gearing, of which the following is a specification.

.My invention `relates to improvements in differential compensating caring, vand more particularly to gearing or connecting a power transmission mechanism with two separate alined shafts, as, for example, the transmission mechanism of l an automobile i with the two'alined shafts of the rear axle thereof. l

The primary object of my invention is to provide a gearing.- of the character stated which Will be capable of positively driving an automobileproviding either one or both of vthepropelling wheels thereof have traction with the road surface.

`A further object of my `invention is to provide an automobile dierential gearing which will be simple of construction, economical to manufacture, and eflicient in operation.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

With these objects 1n view my invention consists in the novel construction and 'arrangement of part-s which will be hereinafter fully described and more particularly pointedl outv in the a pended claims.

My; inventionl will e more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and in whic Figurey 1 is a central horizontal section of my improveddifi'erential gearing in itsA preferred form, Fig. 2 is a transverse section takenon line -az' of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on lines y-y ofk Fig. 1, and Fig.;4 is a detail perspective view.

The preferredform of my invention as illustrated in .theaccompanying drawings comprises a cylindrical two-part casing 1 which, is provided at either -extremity. with rear axle sleeves 21 inclosin the live alined I 'axles ,3. The inner ends" o the axles 3 are squared anditted into sockets 4Aprovided therefor` in the driving members 5, each of theflattenbeing.provided with teeth 6 which project, zinwardly from. a laterally extending 1 peripheral.flange 7.' .A ldrivin t shaft 8 is provided with journals 9 at eac end thereof which are journaled in the members 5 and retained therein by means of nuts 10. The central portion of the shaft 8 is squared, and mounted rigidl thereon is a chain sprocket 11 driven y a chain 12 which connects with the automobile transmission mechanism, not shown. Rigidly mounted on the shaft 8 at each end of the squared portion thereof is a member 13 provided with two co-axial oppositely disposed segment gears 14 and two diametrically opposite arcuate slots 15. Rotatably mounted on journals 9 intermediate the members 5 and 13 are double flanged members 16 in which diametrically opposite oscillatory stub shafts 17 arranged parallel with saidjournals are journaled, said shafts projecting from the vmembers 16 ,and carrying segment pinions 18 which are rigidly keyed thereto. Diametrically o posite studs 19 arranged parallel with an spaced at 90 degrees from the stub shafts 17 are pressed rmly into the members 16 and project into the arcuate slots 15 for a purpose to be hereinafterexplained.

The segment pinions 18 mesh with the segment gears 14 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and are positively ldriven thereby. Oscillatorily mounted on stub shafts 17 intermediate the flanges of the members 16 are `dogs 20, the same being helduagainst free rotation on said shafts by means of resilient sinuously formed keys 21'shown in detailin Fig. 4. These keys, hold the dogs 20 normally in position on the shafts 17 as do ordinary keys, but allow a slightoscillation thereof when subjected to` ressure, in which case the keys will straighten out by pressure against the walls of the key-ways in which they are positioned. All of the dogs 20 yare in engagement with.` the teeth 6 as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3 when the aut`o" mobile is traveling in'a straight direction, and the power would bei transmitted equally to thefsegment inions 1-8 were it not for the studs 19 and ots 15, these elements being provided to relieve the segment'gears .of the riving strain after the 'dogsv havebeen oscillated into engagement with t-hetceth .6,-`4 said studs beingadapted-tocontact with thel ends of theslots to receive theldrivingstrain simultaneously with thefullengagement of said dogs...l

The operation of `the :differential *gearing-Y 1 10 when the automobile is rounding a corner is as follows Suppose that the propelling wheel to which the live axle 3 shown at the left in Fig. 1 is traveling the faster, then the dogs at the left in said figure will cease to drive and the dogs at the right will continue to ydrive as before. Vhen the dogs at the left cease to drive the teeth 6y due to the faster rotation of the latter, said dogs slide over said teeth one by ne and are oscillated in so doing, hence the resilient keys 2l are necessary to permit one set of dogs to oscillate without disturbing the engagement of the other set of dogs, it being clear that the stub shafts 17 have a. constant relation to each other. It is apparent from the construction as hereinbefore described that should one of the propelling wheels cease to have traction on' the road surface and to propel the car, that the other wheel having good traction will continue to propel the car and prevent the same from being stalled.

lVhile I have shown what I deem to be the preferable form of my improved automobile differential gearing, I do not wish to be limited thereto as there might be various changes made in the details of construction and arrangement of parts described without departing from the spirit of the invention comprehended Within the scope of theappended claims.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: v

.1. A differential gearing comprising two alined driven s hafts, a power shaft arranged between and in alinement with said driven shafts, means for driving said power shaft, and -automatic means for connecting said driven shafts with said power shaft during the initial rotation of the latter, substantially as described.

2. In a diHerential gearing, two alined driven shafts, a power shaft in alinement with said shafts and arranged therebetween, means for driving said power shaft, members rigidly fixed to said driven shafts each having a laterally projecting toothed flange, there being journals formed on said power shaft and journaled in said members, a double flanged member mounted on each journal of said power shaft, oscillatory dogs mounted in each flange member and adapted to engage the teeth of said toothed members, and means for oscillating said dogs for engagement with said teeth during the initial movement of said power shaft, substantially as described.

3. In'a differential gearing, the combination with two driven shafts in alinement with each other, of a power shaft arrangedl between and in alinement with said driven shafts, means for driving said power shaft at the center thereof, toothed flanged members rigidl connected to said driven shafts and rotata ly mounted on said power shaft,

double flanged members rotatably mounted on the journals of said power shaft, oscillatory dogs mounted between the flanges of said double flanged members and adapted to engage the teeth of said toothed flanged members, shafts journaled in saiddouble flangedl members on which said dogs are mounted,.segment pinions keyed to said last named shafts, and segmentI gears meshing with said segment pinions rigidly fixed' to I said power shaft, substantially as described. i 4. In an automobile differential gearing, a two-part casing and axle sleeves carried thereby, alined live axles inclosed by said sleeves and having squared inner ends, members fitted to said squared axle ends and having inwardly projecting teeth in the peripheral portions thereof, members having double radial flanges arranged adjacent said first named members, a power shaft` having journals at each end thereof which are journaled in all of Said members, shafts arranged parallel with `said power Shaft journals and journaled in the flanges of said double flanged members, oscillatory dogs mounted on said shafts and adapted to engage the teeth of said first named members, segment pinions keyed to said shafts, segment gears meshing with said pinions fixed to said power shaft, and means for driving the latter, substantially as described.

5. An automobile differential gearing comprising a cylindrical two-part casing, axle sleeves formed integral with and arranged co-axial with said casing, live axles mounted in said axle sleeves having squared inner ends, a power shaft having a central squared portion and cylindrical end portions, said live axles and said power shaft being in alinement, members having internal teeth rigidly fixed to the squared ends of said live 'axles and rotatably mounted on the cylindrical portions of said power shaft, double flanged members rotatably mounted on thecylindrical portions ofv said power shaft, stub shafts arranged parallel with said cylindrical portions and journaled in said double flanged. members, oscillatory dogs mounted on said stub 'shafts and adapted to engage t-he teeth of said first mentioned members, segment pinions keyed to said stub shafts, double segment gears meshin with `said pinions fixed to the square portion of said power shaft, and a sprocket and chain for driving the latter, substantially as described.

6. In an automobile differential gearing, a cylindrical two-part casing, tubular axle sleeves integral with and'co-axial with said casing, live axles mounted in said axle sleeves having squared inner ends, a power shaft having a central squared portion and cylindrical end ortions, said live axles and said power shaft being alinement,'mem 13 bers having internal teeth rigidly fixed to the squared ends of said live axles and rotatably'mounted on the cylindrical portions of said power shaft, double flanged members rotatably mounted on the cylindrical portions of said power shaft, stub shafts arranged parallel with said cylindrical portions and journaled in said double flanged members, oscillatory dogs mounted on said stub shafts and adapted to engage the teeth of said first named members, resilient keys interposed between said dogs and the shafts on which they are mounted, segment pinions keyed to said stub shafts, double segment gears meshing with said pinions fixed to the squared portion of said power shaft, and a ysprocket centrally secured to the latter, substantially as described.

, 7.' An automobile differential gearing comprising a cylindrical two-part casing, axle sleeves formed inte ral with and arranged co-axial with sai casing, live axles `mounted in said axle sleeveshaving squared inner ends, a power shaft having a central squared portion and cylindrical end portions, said live axles and said power shaft being in alinement, members having internal radial teeth rigidly fixed to the squared ends of said live axles and-rotatably mounted on the cylindrical portions of said `power shaft, double flanged members rotatably mounted on the cylindrical portions of said power shaft, stub shafts arranged parallel with said cylindrical portions and journaled in said doublev flanged members, double oscillatory dogs mounted on said stub shafts and adapted'to engage the teeth of said first named members, resilient sinuously formedl keys interposed between said do s and the shafts on which they are mounte segment pinions keyed to said stub shafts,l

shaft, double fianfved members rotatablyV mounted on the cylindrical portions of said power shaft, stub shafts arranged parallel with said cylindrical portions and journaled in said double flange members, oscillatory dogs mounted on said stub shafts and adapted to engage the teeth of said firstV named members, resilient sinuously formedV keys interposed between said dogs and the shafts on which they are mounted, segment pinions keyed to said Ystub shafts, double segment gears meshing with said pinions fixed to the squared portion of said power shaft, means for driving the latter, said double segment gears having arcuate slots, and studs secured in said double flanged members projecting into said slots, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT F. PEACOCK.

Witnesses:

EDGAR HAM, J. O. GARLAND. 

